In situ observations refer to measurements or data collected directly from the natural environment, rather than in a controlled laboratory setting. This research method involves gathering data on site, in real-time, and is commonly used in fields such as environmental science, oceanography, meteorology, and ecology. In situ observations allow researchers to study natural processes, phenomena, and ecosystems as they occur in their natural habitat, providing valuable insights into the dynamics and interactions of various elements within the environment. This research method often involves the use of instruments, sensors, and data collection devices to monitor and record data on-site, enabling researchers to better understand the intricacies and complexities of the natural world.